The bibliography attached below is the author’s selection of two hundred essential titles dealing with Iceland in the period of 9th-11th century. Because of its uniqueness, Iceland is the subject of study by thousands of archaeologists, historians, geneticists, geologists, linguists, lawyers, sociologists and other experts, and it is therefore extremely difficult to create any limited selection. The list is a cross-section of topics that can be used by reenactors and other enthusiasts who focus on the everyday life and pay special attention to material culture. Please note that for the sake of unifying the bibliography and clarity for a non-Icelandic audience, we work with patronymics as surnames, although this is contrary to Icelandic practice.
The material component of early Iceland is summarized in the book Kuml og haugfé, which is recommend below. A number of archaeological works were also published in the yearbook Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags. Archeology in Iceland is strongly associated with the names of Byock, Eldjárn, Friðriksson and Vésteinsson. It must be added that many of the mentioned experts studying Iceland come from abroad. University theses also bring new wind to studies. It is appropriate to compare the archaeological material from Iceland with the material from Norway, which was published in the article Top 200 works on 9th-11th Norway.
Written sources that are continuously published in the series called Íslenzk fornrit (I-XXXV) were not included in the list. The Family sagas were translated into English in The Complete Sagas of Icelanders, Including 49 Tales (1997, trans. Hreinsson). Landnámabók was translated to English version as The Book of Settlements – Landnámabók (2006, trans. Pálsson – Edwards). The Gray Goose Laws translation can be found in the books Laws of Early Iceland: Grágás I-II (1980-2000, trans. Dennis et al.). The Eddic poems were published in the English language in the revision The Poetic Edda, Volume I-II (1969-1997, trans. Dronke). A recommended English version of the Prose Edda is Snorri Sturluson: The Edda (1995, Faulkes).
If you are interested in the mentioned or any other work, do not hesitate to contact us.
Political division of Iceland in the Viking Age.
Source: Zori, D. M. (2014). The Norse in Iceland. In: The Oxford Handbook of Topics in Archaeology.
Ahronson, Kristján (2001). ‘Hamarinn’ frá Fossi. Kristinn norrænn kross með keltneskum svip. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1999, 185-189.
Androshchuk, Fedir (2014). Viking Swords : Swords and Social aspects of Weaponry in Viking Age Societies, Stockholm.
Androshchuk, Fedir – Traustadóttir, Ragnheiður (2004). A Viking Age spearhead from Kolkuós, Framvinduskýrsla 6-2004. In: Academia.edu [online]. [2020-12-23].
Árnason, Einar et al. (2000). Genetic homogeneity of Icelanders: fact or fiction?. In: Nature Genetics 25, 4, 373–374.
Ásgeirsdóttir, K. S. (2011). „Dvergar á öxlum“. Greining á víkingaaldarnælum á Íslandi frá heiðnum sið, Reykjavík.
Bailey, A. E. (2018). Silver in Iceland: A History From Settlement to the Early Medieval Period, Reykjavík.
Barraclough, E. R. (2012). Naming the landscape in the Landnám narratives of the Íslendingasögur and Landnámabók. In: Saga-Book of the Viking Society 36, 79-101.
Batey, C. E. (1990). Bjalla frá söguöld fundin á Skotlandi. In: Árbók Hins íslenska fornleifafélags 1989, 101-110.
Bathurst, R. R. et al. (2010). Diatoms as bioindicators of site use: locating turf structures from the Viking Age. In: Journal of Archaeological Science 37, 2920-2928.
Batt, C. M. et al. (2015). Constructing chronologies in Viking Age Iceland: Increasing dating resolution using Bayesian approaches. In: Journal of Archaeological Science 62, 161-174.
Bell, Aidan (2009). Coins from Viking Age Iceland, Reykjavík.
Bell, Aidan (2010). Þingvellir. Archaeology of the Althing, Reykjavík.
Bertelsen, L. G. (1994). Yngri víkingaaldarstílar á Íslandi. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1993, 51-72.
Björnsson, Björn (1954). Íslenzkt Gullsmíði, Reykjavík.
Bolender, D. J. (2007). House, Land, and Labor in a Frontier Landscape: The Norse Colonization of Iceland. In: Beck R. A. (ed.). The Durable House: Architecture, Ancestors, and Origins, Carbondale, IL, 400–421.
Bolender, D. J. et al. (2011). Farmstead Relocation at the End of the Viking Age. Results of the Skagafjörður Archaeological Settlement Survey. In: Archaeologia Islandica 9, 77-101.
Burns, Annika et al. (2017). Micromorphological and chemical investigation of late-Viking age grave fills at Hofstaðir, Iceland. In: Geoderma 306, 183–194.
Byock, Jesse (1982). Feud in the Icelandic Saga, Berkeley – Los Angeles.
Byock, J. L. (1988). Medieval Iceland: Society, Sagas, and Power, Entfield Lock, Middlesex.
Byock, Jesse (1993). Skull and Bones in Egils saga: A Viking, A Grave, and Paget’s Disease. In: Viator: Medieval and Renaissance Studies 24, 23-50.
Byock, J. L. (2001). Viking Age Iceland, London.
Byock, J. L. (2003). Feuding in Viking-Age Iceland’s Great Village. In: Brown, W. C. – Górecki, Piotr (eds.). Conflict in Medieval Europe: Changing Perspectives on Society and Culture, Aldershot, 229-241.
Byock, Jesse – Zori, Davide (2017). Predictive Models and Historical Sources for Finding a North Atlantic Port. The Leiruvogur Harbour at the Mouth of Iceland’s Mosfell Valley. In: Kalmring, Sven – Werther, Lukas (eds.). Häfen im 1. Millennium AD. Standortbedingungen, Entwicklungsmodelle und ökonomische Vernetzung, Mainz, 137-157.
Byock, Jesse et al. (2004). A Viking Age Farm, Church, and Cemetery at Kirkjuholl, Mosfell Valley, Iceland. In: Antiquity 77 (297).
Callow, Chris (2006). First steps towards an archaeology of children in Iceland. In: Archaeologia Islandica 5, 55-74.
Callow, Chris (2007). Transitions to Adulthood in Early Icelandic Society. In: Crawford, Sally – Shepherd, Gillian (eds). Children, Childhood and Social Identity, Oxford, 45-55.
Callow, Chris (2020). Landscape, Tradition and Power in Medieval Iceland. Dalir and the Eyjafjörður Region c. 870 – c. 1265, Leiden.
Capelle, Torsten (1980). Bemerkungen zum isländischen Handwerk in der Wikingerzeit und im Mittelalter. In: Frühmittelalterliche Studien 14, 423-436.
Carter, Tara (2015). Iceland’s Networked Society: Revealing How the Global Affairs of the Viking Age Created New Forms of Social Complexity, Leiden – Boston.
Coolen, Joris – Mehler, Natascha (2015). Surveying the assembly site and churches of Þingeyrar. In: Archaeologia Islandica 11, 11-32.
Damiata, B. N. et al. (2013). Imaging skeletal remains with ground-penetrating radar: comparative results over two graves from Viking Age and Medieval churchyards on the Stóra-Seyla farm, northern Iceland. In: Journal of Archaeological Science 40, 268-278.
D’Ettore, Kate (2009). Clothing and Conflict in the Icelandic Family Sagas: Literary Convention and the Discourse of Power. In: Medieval Clothing and Textiles 5, 1-14.
Dillmann, François-Xavier (2006). Les magiciens dans l’Islande ancienne: Etudes sur la représentation de la magie islandaise et de ses agents dans les sources littéraires norroises, Uppsala.
Dugmore, A. J. et al. (2005). The Norse landnám on the North Atlantic Islands: an environmental impact assessment. In: Polar Record 41 (216), 21–37.
Dugmore, A. J. et al. (2007). The Role of Climate in Settlement and Landscape Change in the North Atlantic Islands: An Assessment of Cumulative Deviations in High-Resolution Proxy Climate Records. In: Human Ecology 35, 169–178.
Dunn, S. T. (2019). Weaponizing Ordinary Objects. Women, Masculine Performance, and the Anxieties of Men in Medieval Iceland, Tampa.
Ebenesersdóttir, S. S. et al. (2018). Ancient genomes from Iceland reveal the making of a human population. In Science 360 (6392), 1028–1032.
Eckhoff, N. A. (2014). Tracing Paths. A Study of Combs from Viking Age Iceland, Oslo.
Edwards, K. J. et al. (2005). Landscapes of Contrast in Viking Age Iceland and the Faroe Islands. In: Landscapes 6, 2, 63-81
Einarsson, Arni (2011). The archaeological landscape of northeast Iceland: a ghost of a Viking Age society. In: Cowlew, D. C. (ed.). Remote Sensing for Archaeological Heritage Management, Brussels, 243-258.
Einarsson, Arni (2015). Viking Age Fences and Early Settlement Dynamics in Iceland. In: Journal of the North Atlantic 27, 1–21.
Einarsson, Bjarni (2008). Blót Houses in Viking Age Farmstead Cult Practices. New Findings from South-Eastern Iceland. In: Acta Archaeologica 79, 145-184.
Einarsson, B. F. (1995). The Settlement of Iceland; a Critical Approach. Granastaðir and the Ecological Heritage, Reykjavík.
Einarsson, B. F. (2015). Landnám Og Landnámsfólk. Saga Af Bæ Og Blóti, Reykjavík.
Ekengren, Fredrik – Lundborg, M. D. (2015). The social weight of silver in the Íslendingasögur and the Viking Age hoards. In: Larsson, Lars et al. (eds.). Small things wide horizons : studies in honour of Birgitta Hårdh, Oxford, 20-26.
Eldjárn, Kristján (1949). Kumlateigur á Hafurbjarnastöðum. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1943-1948, 108-122.
Eldjárn, Kristján (1951). Kléberg á Íslandi. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1949-1950, 41-62.
Eldjárn, Kristján (1952). Rannsóknir á Bergþórshvoli. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1951-1952, 5-75.
Eldjárn, Kristján (1956). Spjót frá Rangá. In: Tíminn, 27.05.1956, 5.
Eldjárn, Kristján (1971). Tá-bagall frá Þingvöllum. In: Árbók hins íslenska fornleifafélags 1970, 5-27.
Eldjárn, Kristján (1974). Fornþjóð og minjar. In: Saga Íslands I, 101-152.
Eldjárn, Kristján (1983). Þórslíkneski svonefnt frá Eyrarlandi. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1982, 62-75.
Eldjárn, Kristján (1989). Papey: Fornleifarannsóknir 1967–1981. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1988, 35–188.
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Etchingham, Colmán et al. (2019). Norse-Gaelic Contacts in a Viking World: Studies in the Literature and History of Norway, Iceland, Ireland, and the Isle of Man, Turnhout.
Ewing, Thor (2006). “í litklæðum“ – Coloured Clothes in Medieval Scandinavian Literature and Archaeology. In: McKinnell, John et al. (eds.). The Fantastic in Old Norse/Icelandic Literature: Preprint Papers of the 13th International Saga Conference, Durham, 223-230.
Falk, Hjalmar (1914). Altnordische Waffenkunde, Kristiania.
Falk, Hjalmar (1919). Altwestnordische Kleiderkunde, Kristiania.
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Frei, Karin et al. (2015). Was it for walrus? Viking Age settlement and medieval walrus ivory trade in Iceland and Greenland. In: World Archaeology 47, 3, 439-466.
Friðriksson, Adolf (1994). Sagas and Popular Antiquarianism in Icelandic Archaeology, Aldershot.
Friðriksson, Adolf (2009). Social and symbolic landscapes in late Iron Age Iceland. In: Archaeologia Islandica 7, 9-21.
Friðriksson, Adolf – Vésteinsson, Orri (2003). Creating a Past. A Historiography of the Settlement of Iceland. In: Barrett, J. H. (ed.). Contact, Continuity and Collapse: The Norse Colonization of the North Atlantic, Turnhout, 139-161.
Friðriksson, Adolf – Vésteinsson, Orri (2011). Landscapes of Burial. Contrasting the Pagan and Christian Paradigms of Burial in Viking Age and Medieval Iceland. In: Archaeologia Islandica 9, 50-64.
Friðriksson, Adolf et al. (2010). Hringsdalur í Arnarfirði – Fornleifarannsókn 2006, Reykjavík.
Gestsdóttir, Hildur (1998). Kyn- og lífaldursgreiningar á beinum úr íslenskum kumlum, Reykjavík.
Gestsson, Gísli (1962). Spjót frá Kotmúla í Fljótshlíð. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1962, 72-81.
Gíslason, Kári (2009). Within and Without Family in the Icelandic Sagas. In: Parergon 26, 1, 13-33.
Gjerland, Berit – Keller, Christian (2010). Graves and Churches of the Norse in the North Atlantic. A Pilot Study. In: Journal of the North Atlantic, Special Volume 2, 161–177.
Gogosz, Remigiusz (2016). “Hver er sterkastr?” The Sports and Games of the Northmen inthe Middle Ages. Role, Rules and Aspects: Study with the Special focus on Saga-Age Iceland, Rzeszów.
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Hald, Margrethe (1951). Vötturinn frá Arnheiðarstöðum. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1949-1950, 73–77.
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Hallsdóttir, Margret (1987). Pollen Analytical Studies of Human Influence on Vegetation in Relation to the Landnám Tephra Layer in Southwest Iceland, Lund.
Halstad McGuire, Erin-Lee (2009). Manifestations of identity in burial: Evidence from Viking-Age graves in the North Atlantic diaspora, Glasgow.
Halstad-McGuire, Erin-Lee (2010). Sailing home: boat-graves, migrant identities and funerary practices on the Viking frontier. In: Anderson, Elizabeth (eds.). Memory, Mourning and Landscape, Amsterdam, 165- 187.
Hansen, S. S. (2008). Settlement archaeology in Iceland. The Race for the Pan-Scandinavian Project in 1939. In: Acta Archaeologica 72, 2, 115–127.
Harrison, Ramona et al. (2008). Gásir in Eyjafjörður. International Exchange and Local Economy in Medieval Iceland. In: Journal of the North Atlantic 1, 99-119.
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Hayeur Smith, Michèle (2001). Silfursmiðurinn á Sílastöðum. In: Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags 1999, 191-202.
Hayeur Smith, Michèle (2003). Dressing the Dead: Gender, Identity, and Adornment in Viking Age Iceland. In: Vinland Revisited, the Norse World at the Turn of the First Millennium, St John’s, NL, 227-240.
Hayeur Smith, M. M. (2003). A Social Analysis of Viking Jewellery from Iceland, Glasgow.
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Hayeur Smith, Michèle (2020). The Valkyries’ Loom: The Archaeology of Cloth Production and Female Power in the North Atlantic, Tallahassee.
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Hermanns‐Audardóttir, Margrét (1991). The Early Settlement of Iceland. Results based on excavations of a Merovingian and Viking farm site at Herjólfsdalur in the westman islands, Iceland. In: Norwegian Archaeological Review 24, 1–9.
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Ísberg, Marjatta (2020). Víkingaaldarsverð í nærmynd. Íslensk víkingaaldarsverð, gerð þeirra og uppruni, Reykjavík.
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Jóhannesson, Jón (1943). Gerðir Landnámabókar, Reykjavík.
Jóhannesson, Jón (1974). A History of the Old Icelandic Commonwealth. Íslendinga saga, Manitoba.
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